Ribaya-Mercado, J.D. and Maramag, C.C. and Tengco, L.W. and et al, . (2007) Carotene-rich plant foods ingested with minimal dietary fat enhance the total-body vitamin A pool size in Filipino schoolchildren as assessed by stable-isotope-dilution methodology. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 85 (4). pp. 1041-1049.
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Abstract
Background: Strategies for improving the vitamin A status of vulnerable populations are needed. Objective: We studied the influence of the amounts of dietary fat on the effectiveness of carotene-rich plant foods in improving vitamin A status. Design: Schoolchildren aged 9-12 y were fed standardized meals 3 times/d, 5 d/wk, for 9 wk. The meals provided 4.2 mg provitamin A carotenoids/d (mainly β-carotene) from yellow and green leafy vegetables [carrots, pechay (bok choy), squash, and kangkong (swamp cabbage)] and 7, 15, or 29 g fat/d (2.4, 5, or 10 g fat/meal) in groups A, B, and C (n=39, 39, and 38, respectively). Other self-selected foods eaten were recorded daily. Before and after the intervention, total-body vitamin A pool sizes and liver vitamin A concentrations were measured with the deuterated-retinol-dilution method; serum retinol and carotenoid concentrations were measured by HPLC. Results: Similar increases in mean serum β-carotene (5-fold), α-carotene (19-fold), and β-cryptoxanthin (2-fold) concentrations; total-body vitamin A pool size (2-fold); and liver vitamin A (2-fold) concentrations were observed after 9 wk in the 3 study groups; mean serum retinol concentrations did not change significantly. The total daily β-carotene intake from study meals plus self-selected foods was similar between the 3 groups and was 14 times the usual intake; total fat intake was 0.9, 1.4, or 2.0 times the usual intake in groups A, B, and C, respectively. The overall prevalence of low liver vitamin A (<0.07 µmol/g) decreased from 35% to 7%. Conclusions: Carotene-rich yellow and green leafy vegetables, when ingested with minimal fat, enhance serum carotenoids and the total-body vitamin A pool size and can restore low liver vitamin A concentrations to normal concentrations.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | We thank the children who participated in this study and their caregivers; the staff of the Nutrition Center of the Philippines and of the Bureau of Research and Laboratories, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines, for their contributions during the fieldwork; and Juan Antonio A Solon of the Department of Parasitology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines, for advice regarding helminthic infections. JDR-M was the principal investigator and participated in the study design, HPLC and GC-MS analyses of serum, data analyses, and writing of the manuscript. CCM and LWT participated in the fieldwork and in the analyses of dietary and anthropometric data. GGD assisted with the GC-MS procedures. JBB provided laboratory support and advice. FSS participated in the study design and fieldwork and coordinated the procedures in the Philippines. All authors critically reviewed the manuscript. None of the authors had a conflict of interest with the organization that sponsored the research. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Vitamin A, Deuterated-retinol dilution, Stableisotope dilution, retinol, Plant carotenoids,Beta-carotene, Bioavailability, Dietary fat, School-age children, Philippines |
| Author Affiliation: | Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, USA. |
| Subjects: | Postharvest Management > Food Technology |
| Divisions: | General |
| Depositing User: | Mr Arbind Seth |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Dec 2012 06:44 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Dec 2012 10:22 |
| Official URL: | http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/85/4/1041.abstra... |
| URI: | http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/id/eprint/9084 |
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