Priya, N G and Ojha, A and Kajla, M K and et al, .
(2012)
Host Plant Induced Variation in Gut Bacteria of
Helicoverpa armigera.
PLosOne, 7 (1).
pp. 1-10.
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Abstract
Helicoverpa are important polyphagous agricultural insect pests and they have a worldwide distribution. In this study, we
report the bacterial community structure in the midgut of fifth instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera, a species prevalent in
the India, China, South Asia, South East Asia, Southern & Eastern Africa and Australia. Using culturable techniques, we
isolated and identified members of Bacillus firmus, Bacillus niabense, Paenibacillus jamilae, Cellulomonas variformis,
Acinetobacter schindleri, Micrococcus yunnanesis, Enterobacter sp., and Enterococcus cassiliflavus in insect samples collected
from host plants grown in different parts of India. Besides these the presence of Sphingomonas, Ralstonia, Delftia, Paracoccus
and Bacteriodetes was determined by culture independent molecular analysis. We found that Enterobacter and Enterococcus
were universally present in all our Helicoverpa samples collected from different crops and in different parts of India. The
bacterial diversity varied greatly among insects that were from different host plants than those from the same host plant of
different locations. This result suggested that the type of host plant greatly influences the midgut bacterial diversity of H.
armigera, more than the location of the host plant. On further analyzing the leaf from which the larva was collected, it was
found that the H. armigera midgut bacterial community was similar to that of the leaf phyllosphere. This finding indicates
that the bacterial flora of the larval midgut is influenced by the leaf surface bacterial community of the crop on which it
feeds. Additionally, we found that laboratory made media or the artificial diet is a poor bacterial source for these insects
compared to a natural diet of crop plant.
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