Lau, J. A. and Tiffin, P. (2009) Elevated carbon dioxide concentrations indirectly affect plant fitness by altering plant tolerance to herbivory. Oecologia, 161 (2). pp. 401-410.
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Abstract
Global environmental changes, such as rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, have a wide range of direct eVects on plant physiology, growth, and fecundity. These environmental changes also can aVect plants indirectly by altering interactions with other species. Therefore, the eVects of global changes on a particular species may depend on the presence and abundance of other community members. We experimentally manipulated atmospheric CO2 concentration and amounts of herbivore damage (natural insect folivory and clipping to simulate browsing) to examine: (1) how herbivores mediate the eVects of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on the growth and Wtness of Arabidopsis thaliana; and (2) how predicted changes in CO2 concentration aVect plant resistance to herbivores, which inXuences the amount of damage plants receive, and plant tolerance of herbivory, or the Wtness consequences of damage. We found no evidence that CO2 altered resistance, but plants grown in eCO2 were less tolerant of herbivory—clipping reduced aboveground biomass and fruit production by 13 and 22%, respectively, when plants were reared under eCO2, but plants fully compensated for clipping in ambient CO2 (aCO2) environments. Costs of tolerance in the form of reduced Wtness of undamaged plants were detected in eCO2 but not aCO2 environments. Increased costs could reduce selection on tolerance in eCO2 environments, potentially resulting in even larger Wtness eVects of clipping in predicted future eCO2 conditions. Thus, environmental perturbations can indirectly aVect both the ecology and evolution of plant populations by altering both the intensity of species interactions
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | We thank A. Mueller for Weld and laboratory assistance, P. Reich for allowing us to use the BioCON experiment at Cedar Creek Natural History Area, and J. Conner for providing helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This project was funded primarily by NSF IOB 0417094 to P. TiYn, R. Shaw, and P. Reich and secondarily by NSF LTER (DEB 0080382) and Biocomplexity (0322057) programs. This is W. K. Kellogg Biological Station contribution no. 1,465. The experiments described herein comply with current laws of the United States of America. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Browsing · Cost · Carbon dioxide · Global change · Herbivory |
| Author Affiliation: | Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA |
| Subjects: | Plant Protection > Control Methods Crop Improvement Plant Physiology and Biochemistry > Plant Physiology |
| Divisions: | General |
| Depositing User: | Mr. SanatKumar Behera |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Feb 2012 08:53 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Feb 2012 08:54 |
| Official URL: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-009-1384-z |
| URI: | http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/id/eprint/2993 |
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