Development of a large-scale field system for screening peanut for resistance to preharvest aflatoxin contamination

Holbrook, C.C. and Matheron, M.E. and Wilson, D.M. and et al, . (1994) Development of a large-scale field system for screening peanut for resistance to preharvest aflatoxin contamination. Peanut Science , 21 (1). pp. 20-22.

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Abstract

A large-scale field system for screening groundnut germplasm for resistance to preharvest aflatoxin contamination (PAC) was developed at Yuma, Arizona. Yuma is located in a desert and has great potential as a site for evaluating germplasm for resistance to PAC. Field studies were conducted in 1990 to determine if aflatoxin contamination would occur in drought stressed groundnuts grown at Yuma. Aflatoxin levels up to 2260 p.p.b. were observed, however, 52% of the plots escaped contamination and the coefficient of variation (cv) was unacceptably large. During testing at Yuma in 1990 it was noted that drought stressed plants died quickly due to the rapid exhaustion of soil moisture. A subsurface irrigation system was installed in 1991 to alleviate this problem and allow for an extended period of drought stress in the pod zone. Results for 1991 showed a greatly increased mean aflatoxin contamination, a 50% reduction in the cv and a virtual elimination in the occurrence of escapes. A study was conducted in 1992 to compare plots with and without subsurface irrigation to determine if the differences observed during 1990-91 were due to the use of subsurface irrigation. The use of subsurface irrigation in 1992 increased the mean contamination by >100%, reduced the cv by >50% and reduced the percentage of escapes by >90%

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Aflatoxin, Arachis hypogaea, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, germplasm evaluation, peanut
Author Affiliation: USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Exp. Station, Tifton, GA 31793, USA
Subjects: Plant Protection > Pests
Divisions: Groundnut
Depositing User: Ms K Syamalamba
Date Deposited: 16 Nov 2011 07:36
Last Modified: 16 Nov 2011 07:36
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-21-1-6
URI: http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/id/eprint/2771

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