Sharma, H.C. (2003) Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera: management strategies for the future. In: Proceedings of the National Symposium on Frontier Areas of Entomological Research 5-7 Nov 2003, IARI, New Delhi, India. IARI, New Delhi, India, pp. 25-54.
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Abstract
Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, is widely distributed in Asia, Africa, Australasia, and the Mediterranean Europe. It damages a wide range of food, fibre, oilseed, fodder, and horticultural crops. Its preference for flowering/fruiting parts of high-value crops such as cotton, chickpea, pigeonpea, tomato, maize, sorghum, and pearl millet confers a high socio-economic cost to its depredations in subsistence agriculture. Crop cultivars with resistance to Helicoverpa (derived through conventional plant breeding or biotechnological approaches) will play a pivotal role in Helicoverpa management in different crops and cropping systems. Cultural practices that help reduce the intensity of Helicoverpa should be followed wherever feasible. The role of natural enemies as control agents is unclear, although efforts should be made to increase their abundance through adopting cropping practices that encourage their activity. Most of the studies have indicated that insecticide applications are more effective than the NSKE, Bt, HaNPV, or the release of natural enemies. However, biopesticides applied in combination with the synthetic insecticides or in rotation are quite effective for Helicoverpa control on different crops. Scouting for eggs and young larvae is most critical for timely application of control measures. Control measures on most crops must start with the initiation of flowering, which coincides with egg laying and presence of small larvae. Insecticides with ovicidal action, and /or systemic action are quite effective at the beginning of flowering. Insecticide dosage can also be reduced when applied in combination with biopesticides or neem based products. Insecticide mixtures are also effective, but should only be used as a last resort. There is need for greater focus on developing crop cultivars with stable resistance, more effective biopesticides, and insecticide resistant natural enemies through the application of modern tools of biotechnology for effective control of H. armigera.
| Item Type: | Book Section |
|---|---|
| Author Affiliation: | International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India |
| Subjects: | Plant Protection |
| Divisions: | Other Crops |
| Depositing User: | Sandhya Gir |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Mar 2011 22:31 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2011 22:31 |
| URI: | http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/id/eprint/1612 |
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