Olasan, O.J. and Aguoru, C.U. and Omoigui, L.O. and Ekefan, E.J.
(2018)
Character association studies in Groundnut
(Arachis hypogaea L.).
American Journal of Plant Sciences, 9 (7).
pp. 1531-1543.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of relationship and association
amongst morphological characters of groundnut as an important food
crop in Nigeria. 118 cultivars were planted in a completely randomized design
structure. Characterization was based on qualitative and quantitative evaluations
of 62 characters. Data were analysed on the SPSS software (20.0 versions).
Correlation tools were applied using Spearman, Kendall and Pearson
methods. Level of relationship was determined based on the strength of coefficients
R. Dependence among traits was tested using the Chi square. Multiple
regression analysis was carried out in a predictive model. As a result, many of
the traits are very weakly correlated. Day to emergence has no effect on Day to
50% flowering (R = 0.237, p < 0.05) and number of flower (R = 0.221, p <
0.05). Day to first flowering weakly correlates with maturity time of the plant
(R = 0.39, p < 0.01) but no effect on the yield. Also, number of flower correlates
moderately with number of pods (R = 0.535, p < 0.01) and seeds (R =
0.409, p < 0.01). Plant height also moderately affects leaflet sizes (R = 0.354, p
< 0.01) with a low R2 of 13%. Plant biomass moderately affects number of pod
(R = 0.494, p < 0.01), pod length (R = 0.395, p < 0.01), pod width (R = 0.473, p
< 0.05), number of seed (R = 0.468, p < 0.01) and seed weight (R = 0.548, p <
0.01). Most of the high positive correlations recorded (R > 0.6, p < 0.9) were
observed amongst pod and seed parameters. Pod sizes significantly affect the
number of seeds present (R = 0.551, p < 0.01) with R2 of 30%. Qualitative
traits have no effect on each other as all coefficients are very low. Pod constriction
and sizes have no relationship (R = −0.029). Tolerance to diseases is
not affected by any qualitative trait. Also, no trait determines seed colour. Pubescence
of young and mature leaflets recorded the only high positive correlation
among all qualitative traits (R = 0.837, p = 0.01). However, leaf and stem
pubescence have no relationship. The following traits significantly depend oncultivar type: disease tolerance (χ 2 = 17.93, p = 0.000), plant survivorship (χ 2 =
39.97, p = 0.000) and pod yield (χ 2 = 69.695, p = 0.008). Seed yield has been
predicted in a fit model with R2 of 51% and significant p values (p < 0.05)
among some predictors. When appropriately applied, the information provided
in this report may be useful to groundnut growers and breeders as well
those interested in systematic studies of the crop.
| Item Type: |
Article
|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Groundnut, Qualitative Characters, Quantitative Relationship, Breeding,
Systematics |
| Author Affiliation: |
Department of Biological Sciences, Plant Science Unit, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria |
| Subjects: |
Crop Improvement |
| Divisions: |
Groundnut |
| Depositing User: |
Mr T L Gautham
|
| Date Deposited: |
03 Aug 2018 05:46 |
| Last Modified: |
03 Aug 2018 05:46 |
| URI: |
http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/id/eprint/15493 |
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