Rangaswamy, E. and Gopika, K. and Pushpavathi, B. and SokkaReddy, S. and Krishna, M.S.R. (2016) An overview of variability in fusarium udum, the incitant of wilt in Pigeonpea. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, 7 (2). pp. 404-415.
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Abstract
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L) Mills.) is an important pulse crop in semi-arid tropical and sub tropical farming systems adopted by small and marginal farmers, providing high quality vegetable protein to human beings and is one of the animal feed and fire wood. Pigeonpea is commonly known as redgram, arhar and tur and is an important pulse crop grown for its dhal. In India, crop is grown in an area of about 3.73 m ha with annual production of 2.31 m tonnes and productivity about 678 kg/ha (Anonymous, 2010). Though several factors are known to affect pigeonpea cultivation, the most important being the diseases. Some of the important diseases are Fusarium wilt, Phytophthora blight, Cercospora leaf spot, collar rot, dry root rot, Alternaria leaf spot, powdery mildew, sterility mosaic and phyllody. Incidentally, only a few of them causes economic losses in India (Kannaiyan et al., 1984). Among the diseases Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium udum is the most important soil borne disease and was first reported from Bihar state in India (Butler, 1906). The disease appears on young seedlings but the highest mortality occurs during flowering and podding stage. Although the disease first appears in patches in a field and can extend to entire field if pigeonpea is repeatedly cultivated in the same field. The yield loss of pigeonpea depends on the stage at which the plants wilt and it can approach 100, 67 and 30 per cent when wilt occurs at pre-pod, maturity and pre harvest stages, respectively (kannaiyan and Nene,1981) and sometimes it causing upto 100% loss in grain yield (Okiror, 2002). The disease incidence has been increasing year after year and most of the released cultivars became susceptible to the disease indicating the development of more virulent races of the pathogen in major pigeonpea growing areas of the state. In this chapter we have critically reviewed Disease and the causal organism, Economic importance of disease, Distribution and survey on disease incidence, Pathogenic variability, Biochemical variability and Genetic variability aspects of wilt of pigeonpea.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pigeonpea, Wilt, Variability, Disease,Fusarium udum |
| Author Affiliation: | Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru |
| Subjects: | Plant Protection |
| Divisions: | Pigeonpea |
| Depositing User: | Mr T L Gautham |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Sep 2016 09:50 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Sep 2016 09:50 |
| URI: | http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/id/eprint/14389 |
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