Kritee, K. and Nair, D. and Tiwari, R. and Rudek, J. and etl, . (2015) Groundnut cultivation in semi-arid peninsular India for yield scaled nitrous oxide emission reduction. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 103 (1). pp. 115-129.
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Abstract
Studies reporting agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emission data from tropical upland crops or the climate adaptation and mitigation potential of farming practices that involve nutrient management and/or organic farming are very limited in number. We developed alternate groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) farming practices for rainfed kharif (South-west monsoon) and irrigated rabi (winter) cropping seasons for agro-ecological region 3.0 in semi-arid peninsular India; and compared their yields, farm income as well as nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions with current baseline practices among regional small scale farm-holders. At the study farm, alternate practices including application of locally prepared fermented manures along with a 40-60% reduction in application of total N increased pod yield by 50 and 35% and net profit by ~120 and ~70% in a drought-hit kharif and an irrigated rabi, respectively. High resolution field measurements of N2O flux indicate that the seasonal emission factors for groundnut cultivation using baseline and alternate practices were 1.7-2.0% of applied N. Thus, the average IPCC and Indian national emissions factors of 1 and 0.58%, respectively, underestimate GHG emissions during groundnut cultivation. Crucially, alternate practices led to (1) a reduction of 0.13±0.07 and 0.24±0.1 tCO2e ha-1 season-1 through decreases in direct N2O emissions along with a 50% reduction in GHG emission intensity (per unit yield) in both seasons; (2) a concomitant average reduction of ~0.1 and 0.24 tCO2e ha-1 season-1 through decreased demand for manufactured fertilizers in kharif and rabi seasons, respectively. The positive implications for climate resilience, mitigation and ecosystem services are discussed.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Climate smart farming · Nitrous oxide · Agricultural climate mitigation · Drought resilience · Emission factors |
| Author Affiliation: | Environmental Defense Fund, 2060 Broadway, Suite 300, Boulder, CO 80302, USA |
| Subjects: | Plant Production |
| Divisions: | Groundnut |
| Depositing User: | Mr T L Gautham |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Nov 2015 07:45 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Nov 2015 07:45 |
| Official URL: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10705-015-9725-2 |
| URI: | http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/id/eprint/14023 |
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