Choudhary, S.K. (2013) Effect of Organic Manures and Fertilizers on Soil Organic carbon and Productivity of Groundnut in Loamy Sand Soil. Annals of Plant and Soil Research, 15 (1). pp. 77-78.
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Abstract
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the premier oil seed crop of country. In India, 80 per cent of the total produce is used for oil extraction, 11 % as seed, 8% as direct food and only 1% produce is exported. India contributes about 20% area and less than 10% of oil seed production of world. Whereas, it accounts 40% of the area (5.95 million ha -1 ) and 30% of the production (7.54 million tonnes) of total oil seed grown in India. In Rajasthan, groundnut covers an area of 3.30 lakh hectares with 3.50 lakh tonnes of production with an average productivity of 1087 kg ha -1 . Vermicompost is a prime source of organic recycling of organic wastes and a good source of macro and micro nutrients in chelated form and fulfills the balanced nutrient requirement of plants at longer period. Besides this, it also helps in maintaining soil fertility and practices of precious eco-friendly environment of the soil. Vermicompost also helps in reducing C:N ratio and in increasing humus content of the soil and provide a wide range of nutrient in the readily available form to the plants, such as nitrate, soluble phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, calcium, magnesium (Singh and Tilak, 2006). Poultry manure is an important source of nutrient and lays direct effect on plant growth. Besides major nutrients, poultry manure also contains traces of micronutrients which are generally not supplied by the commercial fertilizer but essential for plant growth. Use of biofertilizers can have a greater importance in increasing availability of fertilizers nutrients, fertilizer use efficiency and microbial biomass. Hence, the study was conducted using groundnut as test crop. A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2006 at farmer’s field, Ghatolia (Kalakh), Jobner is located at 26.05 0 North latitude, 75.28 0 East longitude and 427 meters above mean sea level in Jaipur (Rajasthan). The soil was loamy sand, having pH 8.1, 1.3g kg -1 organic carbon, 130.6 kg ha -1 available nitrogen, and 20.5 kg ha -1 phosphorus and 149.5 kg ha -1 potassium. The experiment consisted of 14 treatments, viz T0, control-RDF of NPK (25 kg N+ 50 kg P2O5 + 40 kg K2O ha -1 ); T1, vermicompost 2.5 t ha -1 ; T2, Poultry manure 2.5 t ha -1 ; T3, Vermicompost 1.25 t ha -1 + poultry manure 1.25 t ha -1 ; T4, vermicompost 2.5 t ha -1 + Rhizobium; T5, vermicompost 2.5 t ha -1 + Rhizobium + VAM; T6, vermicompost 2.5 t ha -1 + Rhizobium + VAM + PSB; T7, poultry manure 2.5 t ha -1 + Rhizobium; T8, poultry manure 2.5 t ha -1 + Rhizobium + VAM; T9, poultry manure 2.5 t ha -1 + Rhizobium + VAM + PSB; T10, vermicompost 1.25 t ha -1 + poultry manure 1.25 t ha -1 + Rhizobium; T11, vermicompost 1.25 t ha -1 + poultry manure 1.25 t ha -1 + Rhizobium + VAM; T12, vermicompost 1.25 t ha -1 + poultry manure 1.25 t ha -1 + Rhizobium + VAM + PSB and T13, 25:50:40 kg NPK ha -1 + Rhizobium + VAM + PSB. These treatments were applied in randomized block design and with three replications. Groundnut (var. M-13) crop was sown on 13 June and harvested on 20 October, 2006. The application of half dose of N, full doses of P and K and organic manure as per treatments were applied at the time of sowing and remaining half N was top-dressed at the time of first irrigation. The sources of nutrients were taken as urea, diammonium phosphate and muriate of potash, respectively, for N, P and K. Seed was inoculated with Rhizobium, PSB and VAM culture as per treatment before sowing using standard method and dried in shade. Intercultural operations were carried out as per requirement of crop. Yield attributes and yields were recorded at harvest. Soil samples collected after harvest of groundnut crop were analysed by adopting standard procedure (Jackson, 1973). The use of vermicompost, poultry manure in combination with multi strains of biofertilizers (Rhizobium, VAM and PSB), all treatments having vermicompost, poultry manure with biofertilizers and RDF NPK along with biofertilizers i.e. Rhizobium, VAM and PSB brought about a significant increase in the number of pegs per plant over either RDF or vermicompost, poultry manure and vermicompost along with poultry manure alone. However, the highest number of pegs per plant (50.18) and 22.7% pods per plant were observed under the treatment T13 (RDF NPK + Rhizobium + VAM + PSB) over rest of the treatment combinations. Jain and Trivedi (2005) reported similar results. The maximum number of effective and non-effective nodules
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Author Affiliation: | Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner (Jaipur) |
| Subjects: | Plant Production Plant Protection Soil Science and Microbiology Plant Physiology and Biochemistry > Biochemistry |
| Divisions: | Groundnut |
| Depositing User: | Mr Daneti Raju |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Dec 2013 13:02 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Dec 2013 13:02 |
| URI: | http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/id/eprint/12111 |
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