Heagle, A.S. and Brandenburg, R.L. and Burns, J.C. and Miller , F.R. (1994) Ozone and Carbon Dioxide Effects on Spider Mites in White Clover and Peanut. Journal of Environmental Quality, 23 (6). pp. 1168-1176.
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Abstract
Effects of O3 and/or elevated CO2 on two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch) grown on an O3-sensitive and an O3-resistant clone of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were measured in greenhouse and field experiments. Peanut (Arachis hypogeae L.) ‘NC-9’ was used in one greenhouse study with O3. In field studies, O3 treatments were charcoal filtered air (CF), nonfiltered air (NF), and two NF treatments with O3 added for 12 h d−1 at proportions of ≈ 1.25 and 1.50 times the ambient O3 concentration. In greenhouse studies, constant amounts of O3 were added to CF for 6 h d−1 to achieve mean concentrations ranging from 5 to 100 nL L−1. For the greenhouse O3 × CO2 experiment, CO2 concentrations were ambient and approximately twice-ambient for 24 h d−1. Plants were exposed to O3 and/or CO2 for ≈7 d before infestation with mites; daily exposures continued for 14 to 28 d to allow reproduction for at least two generations. Leaves were sampled to count eggs, larvae, nymphs, and adults. Ozone caused more chlorosis and necrosis on the O3-sensitive clover clone (NC-S) than on the O3-resistant clone (NC-R). Carbon dioxide enrichment increased shoot growth of both clones by ≈33%. Statistical analyses indicated significant O3 effects in some experiments and nonsignificant O3 effects in others. A trend toward increased mite populations with increased O3 occurred, however, on NC-S in all trials. No consistent trends occurred with NC-R. With peanut, a significant linear increase in mite population occurred with increased O3. Carbon dioxide enrichment increased the rate of population increase on both clover clones, but more so on NC-R. At 22 to 28 d after infestation, the total population in the twice-ambient CO2 treatment was 65% greater than in the ambient treatment for NC-R and 22% greater than in the ambient treatment for NC-S. There were no statistically significant interactive effects between CO2 and O3 on mite population growth. The apparent clone effects on mite population response to O3 and CO2 strongly suggest that responses were mediated through the host plants
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Author Affiliation: | North Carolina State University |
| Subjects: | Atmosperic Science > Climatology Environmental Science |
| Divisions: | Groundnut |
| Depositing User: | Mr. SanatKumar Behera |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Apr 2013 14:24 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Apr 2013 14:24 |
| Official URL: | http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq1994.0047242500230006... |
| URI: | http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/id/eprint/10409 |
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